This report by Nesta, in collaboration with Oxford Martin School, introduces a novel and comprehensive method to map out how employment is likely to change, and the implications for skills. It notes that recent debates about the future of jobs have generally minimised the potential effects of automation on job creation, and have tended to ignore other relevant trends, including globalisation, population ageing, urbanisation, and the rise of the green economy. The research is grounded in an explicit consideration of the diverse and interacting sources of structural change - non-technological as well as technological - all of which are expected to have major impacts on future skills needs. It highlights the skills that are likely to be in greater demand, including interpersonal skills, higher-order cognitive skills and systems skills. The study concludes by challenging the false alarmism that contributes to a culture of risk aversion and holds back technology adoption, innovation and growth, which it notes is of particular relevance to countries such as the US and the UK which already face structural productivity problems.