This report from the ICO examines the impact of neurotechnologies and neurodata and their impact on privacy. It explores plausible scenarios and use cases for emerging neurotechnologies, such as their potential use for monitoring concentration levels at work and through these, raises several key issues. These include a significant risk of discrimination emerging in the workplace, as complex systems and potentially inaccurate information become embedded in neurotechnology products and services. It also identifies an increasing risk that unfair decisions could be made even when accurate information is used. Given the associated data and privacy risks, the report emphasises the need for regulatory co-operation and clarity in an area that is scientifically, ethically and legally complex.